The Theory of the Function of Sleep Essay - 1147 Words

The Theory of the Function of Sleep One theory of sleep is the Restoration theory proposed by Oswald et al in 1966, which suggests that the function of sleep, especially REM sleep is to restore the energy levels and to repair the brain and body. Restoration can be physical and psychological. Physical restoration indicates that sleep is necessary to restore biological processes in the body through REM sleep and Stage 4/NREM sleep. NREM sleep is when the bodys processes are restored such as hormone levels and REM sleep is when the brains processes are restored, such as protein synthesis. Psychological restoration says that sleep is a vital function as it restores psychological functions and helps†¦show more content†¦Adam and Oswald supported this, because they found that tissue restoration such as cell repair occurred during this sleep. Also Shapiro et al (1981) found that people taking part in a 57 mile ultra marathon slept longer than normal people the next two nights and spend longer in the Stage 4 of sle ep in order to give time for their body to recover. However this study is not very reliable because it has also been found that inactivity does not reduce the need for sleep, because Ryback et al (1971) found no change in the sleep required by people who spent six weeks in bed. This suggests that sleep is not only for restoration because otherwise people would have to sleep even less when they havent done any exercise. There is also little evidence to suggest a lot of exercise makes you sleep longer the only difference is to appears to be that people fall asleep faster. Horne and Milard found that when participants were given exhausting tasks to do and the only difference was that they fell asleep faster; therefore this implies that sleep does not have a restorative function. It has also been found that stage 4 sleep declines with age possibly due to the lack of growth hormone needed. The effects of a lack of stage 4Show MoreRelatedThe Theory, The Energy Conservation Theory1419 Word s   |  6 PagesIntroduction: what is sleep: Sleeping is something that most creatures of the animal kingdom have in common. A period of time where the body seemingly ceases to function. The average human is supposed to sleep 7-8 hours a day, and although this varies from species to species, the core function stays the same.The dictionary definition of sleep is â€Å"the natural state of rest during which your eyes are closed and you become unconscious†.(Sleep, n.d.) Although it seems like nothing is happening whenRead MoreThe Functions of Sleep Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesThe Functions of Sleep FUNCTIONS OF SLEEP: #61623; Sleep has not one main function but many. #61623; A most popular theory on why we sleep is the restorative theory of sleep: #61623; Restorative Theory: the theory of sleep that states that we sleep in order to replenish the processes of our minds and bodies that are depleted during the coarse of everyday life. #61623; Increases in low wave sleep correlate with increases in physical activity #61623; During REM sleep, proteinsRead MoreWhy Do We Need Sleep?1713 Words   |  7 PagesNeed Sleep? Typed By: Miracle Taylor Regulating sleep is something our bodies do that is as natural as eating, drinking, and breathing. This implies that sleeping serves a similar role in our health and well being. Even though it is difficult to answer the question â€Å"Why do we need sleep?† scientists have developed several theories that may explain why we spend a third of our lives sleeping. Comprehending these theories can help expand our appreciation of the function of sleepRead MoreImportance of Sleep Essay788 Words   |  4 PagesImportance of Sleep It has been proposed, by some, that humans do not really need to sleep, and that we do so only out of habit. However, much research would suggest otherwise. It is true that some individuals (e.g. those suffering from insomnia) are able to live on very small amounts of sleep, but nevertheless, they do need some. Studies of sleep deprivation have found that there may be severe consequences of not sleeping at. Randy Gardner, for example, went withoutRead MoreWhy Do We Have Dreams?790 Words   |  3 Pageshas still not been scientifically proven, but there are many theories and religious beliefs as to why people dream at night. Theorists, such as Sigmund Frued, devoted their time to peoples dreams and observing them while they dream and sleep. These scientists have discovered that people are most likely to dream during the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) stage of sleep than any other stage because the mind is more aware then. There are theories that say that dreaming can predict the future, show past memoriesRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep On The Sleep Cycle1205 Words   |  5 Pageswe all need to sleep. C. I am going to present the different theories on why we sleep, the sleep cycle, a few of the different sleeping disorders, and how to sleep better. Transition: We know that everyone needs sleep but why is it actually important? II. Why is sleeping important? A. There actually isn’t any known facts on why we actually need sleep, but there is many theories. 1. According to the National Sleep Foundation (NSF), the research that has been done states that sleep is required forRead MoreWhy We Sleep- The Pending Mystery 731 Words   |  3 Pagesinto the field of sleep research. However, these discoveries are still far from being complete. Considering that an individual spends about one-third of their life sleeping, there is much more that still needs to be discovered concerning this topic. General Information Sleep is basically a state of physical inactivity and mental rest in which conscious awareness, thoughts, and voluntary movements do not occur. During sleep, irregular and unpredictable dreaming also takes place. Sleep is a very activeRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep On The Human Body And Mind Requires A Regulated Sleep And Wake Cycle1729 Words   |  7 Pagesmind require a regulated sleep and wake pattern in order to naturally restore homeostasis and provide healthier functioning in regards to it’s physical, emotional, cognitive, and somatic response to it’s environment. Chronic disruptions in this sleep pattern have been found to affect 10% to 18% of the general American population, while it has been found to affect 50%-80% of the American psychiatric population. The most common mental illnesses that suffer from chronic sleep/wake disruptions includeRead MoreThe Theory And Its Effect On Sleep933 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch has been generated on sleep and why it occur s, with results suggesting that dreaming may partially explain the phenomenon. Though results have failed to discover the primary function of sleep, they have unveiled dreaming as a secondary function, which despite not being fundamental for survival possesses a great deal of utility nonetheless. While the primary function of dreaming, much like the primary function of sleep, remains ambiguous; a number of theories and empirical studies have proposedRead MoreWhy Do We Sleep?1227 Words   |  5 PagesEvery day I wake up and every night I sleep. My curiosity always wanted to know why do we have to sleep? Some say that we sleep because we do it for energy. However, I never understood that because food and nutrients give us energy. So won’t that mean as long as we are always getting food and nutrients, we will have energy? That really perplexed me. I felt like the energy reason was not sufficient enough. However, I do know that when we sleep it gives our body time to recover. Th at is plausible,

Essay on Romantic Contradiction in the Poetry of John Donne

Romantic Contradiction in the Poetry of John Donne John Donnes poem Elegy 19: To His Mistress Going to Bed is closely related to The Sun Rising in its treatment of love, lust, and togetherness. Both discuss and argue different stances on the same topics, but are united by their language and development. The structure of Elegy 19 and use of poetic techniques relate it directly and indirectly to The Sun Rising. In Elegy 19, there are forty-eight lines of adoration of the mistress of the title; this poem is full of reverence, veneration, and respect for the female form. In passages such as Your gown going off, such beauteous state reveals As when from flowery meads th hills shadow steals or perhaps†¦show more content†¦The structure of the poem also helps to deliver his message, his plea for passion. It is directly addressed to his mistress, which is evidenced by the opening lines Come, Madam, come, all rest my powers defy. This simple structure, with a plain couplet rhyme scheme and unusual, uneven meter, makes Donnes message very easy to convey; he could not have expressed such a theme so easily in a sonnet or other such constricting form. Instead, he can directly address his subject, and use any amount of space and time to bring forth his ideas, at his own leisure. He is also afforded, through this ease of form, the usage of whatever language he pleases; not only is his language free and spontaneous, but his manner of speech is freed from more elevated forms of diction which would be most inappropriate to use in such as address; his mistress, as most women of Donnes class were at the time, was most likely illiterate and uneducated. These elements are also found in The Sun Rising, but with definite differences. The free structure has been replaced with three ten-line stanzas, and the direct address has been replaced with an indirect address; instead of speaking directly to his mistress, he addresses the sun about his mistress. This poem is also bawdy underneath a romantic overcoat. If the woman referenced in the poem is within hearing distance, then it becomes startlingly romantic, with lines suchShow MoreRelatedTHE MAIN FEATURES OF THE METAPHYSICAL POETRY ILLUSTRATED BY JOHN DONNE1637 Words   |  7 Pages THE MAIN FEATURES OF THE METAPHYSICAL POETRY ILLUSTRATED BY JOHN DONNE The term metaphysical poetry is used to describe a certain type of 17th century poetry. Metaphysical poetry is concerned with the whole experience of man. It means that the poetry is about showing knowledge and thoughts from different areas of experience, especially about love, romantic and sensual; about mans relationship with God and about pleasure, learning and art. Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1267 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare s Romeo and Juliet variously links to the poetry; The Flea , by John Donne, Valentine , by Carol Ann Duffy, and Sonnet 116 , by Shakespeare. The first association is through theme, as Sonnet 116 demonstrates the importance of eternal love and through situation, such as how Valentine ends with violent imagery, so does the play. Another way in which the drama links to the poetry is by character, Romeo and the protagonist of The Flea convey characteristics of a courtlyRead More Sexuality in John Donnes The Flea Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pages A Reading of John Donnes The Flea It is common to ascribe to Donne the status of archetypal logical poet- a man whose works are tightly crafted, confident, and certain in their application of metaphor and analogy. True enough, Donne’s poem seems to suggest a certain self-security: we see a tight, predictable rhyme scheme, and an ordered structure. There is also arguably a wealth of rhetorical resources - Donne does not shy away from using the lexis of the military (â€Å"triumph’st†), the medicalRead MoreAnalysis Of Annabel Lee By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1989 Words   |  8 Pagesvalediction; Forbidding Mourning† by John Donne the narrator is accepting of the goodbye because he knows that spiritually they and their love will always be together. The contrasting events that take place are the tragic events after their loved ones being lost, which shows the difference in personalities from authors Poe and Donne and how they view love after a separation. Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer, editor, and literary critic. He is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularlyRead MorePoems with Theme with Life and Death and Their Analysis8446 Words   |  34 Pagesoften rhythmic, ways to form the literature called poetry. Poetry, like all literature, attempts to communicate an author’s emotional and philosophical responses to his or her own existence and to the surrounding world. It is an expression of what is thought and felt, rather what is known as fact. Nature and Use: Poetry is much harder to define, though it is perhaps more recognizable than other literary forms. In print poetry has a markedly different appearance from other typesRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagess inner feelings emphasis on the imagination over reason and intuition over facts urbanization versus nostalgia for nature burden of the Puritan past Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · literary tale character sketch slave narratives, political novels poetry transcendentalism Effect: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · helps instill proper gender behavior for men and women fuels the abolitionist movement allow people to re-imagine the American past Historical Context: ï‚ · ï‚ · expansion of magazines, newspapers, and bookRead MoreFigurative Language and the Canterbury Tales13472 Words   |  54 Pagesmoral principle. 2. alliteration: repetition of initial consonant sounds. It serves to please the ear and bind verses together, to make lines more memorable, and for humorous effect. †¢ Already American vessels had been searched, seized, and sunk. -John F. Kennedy †¢ I should like to hear him fly with the high fields/ And wake to the farm forever fled from the childless land. -Dylan Thomas, â€Å"Fern Hill† 3. allusion: A casual reference in literature to a person, place, event, or another passage ofRead MoreWhy Do We Get Married7407 Words   |  30 Pagesof society plus - very important - sex on a regular basis. Of course what they said was that they married for love. We all meant it - well, most of us meant it - when we said we married for love, and we knew what kind of love that ought to be: Romantic love. And lustful love. And tender love. And giddy love. And you are my one true love, my destiny. And love-song love. And movie love. And happily-ever-after love. And baby, baby, you belong to me, so let the beguine begin because I ve got you under

English 0990 Reality tv free essay sample

In â€Å"The Distorting Mirror of Reality TV† written by Sarah Coleman, says that the producers have a distorting mirror to us as viewers. All producers distort all stereotypes and want the viewers to know what life is really like because of human diversity. Coleman states that the producers choose particular contestants, and the producers are making the chosen contestants are playing particular characters that the producers want them to be Coleman states â€Å"For ethnic minorities, old people, the unbeautiful, and the disabled, the message is harsh even in â€Å"reality† you don’t exist. †(pg 207) In addition to reality TV shows having all villains also helps the producers find exotic locations. â€Å"In reality TV, every character is a villain. †(pg 207), Coleman states. Reality TV according to Coleman is viewed as â€Å"One man for themselves† and she says this well when she writes â€Å" By eliminating one contestant each week, the show offers us a symbolic form of public execution. We will write a custom essay sample on English 0990 Reality tv or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page †(pg208)This is distorting because it shows once again human diversity. After all its not us that is being eliminated so it does not really matter who gets eliminated because we are still able to see the show and this is what keeps the viewers watching the reality shows, which offers us the symbolic form of public execution. On the contrary is the mirror of reality TV showing us the viewers what real life is about because of what reality TV shows people in society. The producers of Reality TV shows society that anyone will do anything for money and fame no matter how ugly and nasty they have to be to get it, they are determined to do whatever it takes. Coleman says this best when she says â€Å"Not are the shows’ producers the only cynics in this game. With winners appearing everywhere from playboy to lip-salve commercials, and sore losers suing producers for alleged results-fixing, it seems everyone is exploiting everyone here. † (pg208)

Introduction and Conclusion Strategies free essay sample

Increasing self confident, adding friends and partner, correcting verbal and non-verbal immunization, having experience to face unexpected situation to speak inferno of public, increasing achievement in career, and delivering opinion. Speech as a part of communication has its own structure in order to make the ideas can be transferred easily. Furthermore Else and Paperbacks (1970, p. 28-30) noted that plot structure of speech Include three separate but Integrated parts : the beginning, middle, and end. Abstract part contains of the overview of the speech and gives the audience a sense of what they are going to receive.Body contains of materials that orator is going to liver for the audience, and conclusion contains of summarize of the speech. Penthouse each part has their own important points, but some sections receive more attention than others section because of the way people listen. For instance, Lucas (2009) points out that the first priority In audiences attention Is abstract. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction and Conclusion Strategies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In abstract section, orator can gain the highest attention of the audience because they are most ready to be informed, persuaded, and entertained.The second priority is conclusion because the listener might hope an inspiring closing which can change their life. The last priority is body because the attention of listener will up and down in this section. The introduction and conclusion part appear in every speech because most of the listeners give their attention In Introduction and conclusion, orator needs to consider some strategies of Introduction and conclusion to grab attention of the audience to make his/ her speech can be delivered easily.Lucas (2009) talked about 4 kinds of strategies in introduction of speech, that is relating the topic to the audience, stating the importance of your topic, startling the audience, arousing the curiosity odd audience, asking the audience, using a quotation, and telling a story. He also mentioned 6 kinds of strategies In conclusion of speech, that is signaling the end of the speech, reinforcing the central Idea, summarizing speech, ending with quotation, making a dramatic statement, and referring to the Introduction.Astute (201 1 ) also talked about 7 kinds odd strategies in introduction of speech, that is using grabber, telling a Joke, using quotation, telling a story, using games, using statistic data, and using visual aids. She also mentioned 5 kinds of strategies in conclusion of speech, hat are summarizing each point in body section, making a clear and brief closing sentence, using a rhetorical question, using a quotation, making a repeated statement. Barack Obama deliver more than one speech In a day using many kind of his speeches in order to make sure that his idea can be delivered clearly.It is very interesting that every single word from his speech become a topic to persuade many people because Barack Obama also used those strategies. His speech i n every occasion become an attention of people in many countries. Thornton wrote in arteriosclerosis. Com about the analysis of Beams speech, miss We Can . He analyzed beams speech and found that Obama used an arousing the audiences curiosity in his introduction by giving a sentence which told the audience that there is something that must be changed. This strategy refer to the introduction strategy by Lucas.Obama also used anecdotes to deliver the problems of his speech by using an anecdote about Dunking Donuts employee refer to the problem of human resounding. This strategies refer to the strategy by Astute. Based on the literature and explanation review above, the writer is interested in analyzing the introduction and conclusion strategies used in Beams speeches entitle The Analysis of Introduction and Conclusion Strategies Used in Beams Speeches 2. Problem The problem formulation of this final report are as follows: * What are the introduction and conclusion strategies used in Beams speeches? . Purpose and benefit The purpose of this writing is : * To know about the introduction and conclusion used in Beams speeches. The benefit of this final report are : * To enlarge the writers knowledge about introduction and conclusion strategies used in Beams speeches. * To give contribution to English Department about the introduction and conclusion strategies in speech. To be a useful reference in analyzing introduction and conclusion strategies used in Beams speech. 4.In the other hand, Silage (2009) define public speaking as communication practice of a speaker sharing ideas with an conclude that public speaking is a communication technique of sharing ideas in front of people through speech in order to deliver information or alter someones view or opinions. B. Speech Types Tone (2010) states that speech has 4 different types based on its purpose : persuasive speech, informative speech, inspiration speech, and entertaining speech. * Persuasive speech means that the primary purpose is to influence the thinking or behavior of the audience.In order for the audience to be willing to listen to you they have to like you, respect you and trust you. They must be able to identify with you in some way and you have to give them a reason why they should listen to what you have to say. * Informative speech means that the purpose is to teach the audience something new or to expand their existing knowledge. It may mean exposing them to a topic or idea they know nothing about, showing them how to use a piece of equipment, or helping them learn a new skill. Inspiration speech means that the repose of an inspirational speech is to ask your audience to improve in one of several ways, personally, emotionally, professionally, or spiritually. The inspirational speaker relies more on emotional appeal than logical appeal. The speaker is attempting to connect with the individual listeners feelings. The speaker explains why and how the situation is changing or why their current emotions, fears or goals may be inadequate or counterproductive. Inspirational speakers motivate the audience and challenge them to do more at a higher level and specify the benefits they can expect if they do so.Entertaining speech means that the speaker will present a serious point in low-key humorous key. The speaker needs to be a showman when he/she is doing an entertaining speech. If its supposed to be humorous then your attitude must be fun and lighthearted. The speakers primary goal is to make sure that the audience has a great time. C. The structure of Speech Lucas (2009) states that there are 3 parts in structure of speech, there are abstract, body, and conclusion. Each parts have different function in speech.The abstract part contains of an introduction of the topic of the speech. The body part is the longest ND detailed part in speech, it is contains of the supporting materials related to the topic. The conclusion contains of the summary of the topic. Penthouse each part has their own important points, but some section receive more attention than others section because of the way people listen. Lucas (2009) indicates that listeners have the following priorities: * First priority Abstract : You can count on listeners greatest physical and mental attention at the outset of the speech.They are most ready to be informed, persuaded, or entertained. Use this opportunity to create a good impression and dont squander the chance. Second priority Conclusion : You have the second highest attention at the end of the speech. The audience wants the true sense of ending. On a more basic level, they may hoping for an inspiring close because they alienist plain tired of sitting. * Third priority Body : You have the listeners lowest attention in the middle of the speech. It is not that the listener focused as they are at beginning and end.D. Introduction According to Nordstrom, introduction is the opening of essay and speech, which typically identifies the topic, arouses interest, and prepares the audience for the velveteen of thesis. Introduction plays a special role in making essay or speech skill. In making essay, introduction needs much of writers attention. A good introduction in essay should identify the topic, provide essential context, and indicate the particular focus of the essay. These important points also need to be considered in speech.There are four important function of introduction in speech, it is gain the attention and interest of the audience, gain the goodwill of the audience, clearly state the purpose of the speech for the audience, and preview the speech for audience. The first two function is to make the audience want to listen to the orator and the other two function is to help the audience listen to the orator. By seeing the importance of introduction in speech, some expert such as Stephen Lucas and Astute point out several strategies that can be used by an orator to make their introduction become more interesting for the audience. E.The Introduction strategies in Speech Lucas (2009) points out 1 1 introduction strategies used in speech, they are: 1. Get attention and interest In a process of getting attention and interest from the audience, there are several tragedies which help the audience to caught up in your speech, they are: a. Relate the topic to the audience People pay attention to the things that affect them directly. If you can relate the topic to the audience, they are much more to be interested in it. B. State the importance of your topic Begin the speech by telling the audience how important the topic that you are going to deliver. . Startle the audience One surefire way to arouse interest quickly is to startle the audience with an arresting or intriguing statement. D. Arouse the curiosity of the audience One way to draw them into your speech is with a series of statements that progressively whet their curiosity about the subject of the speech. E. Question the audience Asking a rhetorical question which is meaningful and firmly related to the speech is another way to get your listener thinking about your speech. F. Begin with quotation Another way to arouse the interest of the audience is to start with using a well known or famous quotation.You might choose your quotation from Shakespeare or Confucius, Bible, poem, song, or film. G. Tell a story You can use a provocative, amusing, dramatic or suspenseful story to begin our beech. The story should also be clearly relevant to the main topic of speech. 2. Reveal the story In the process of introduction, be sure to state clearly the topic of your speech. If you do not, your listener will be confused. And once they are confuse, your chances of goodwill Credibility is mostly a matter of being qualified to speak an a given topic and being perceived as qualified by your listeners.The credibility can come from reading, classes, interview, friends, and other sources. Goodwill is showing the audience the reputation of the speaker while the speaker should also defuse the hostility right at he start of the speech. 4. Preview the body of speech One way to help the audience caught up the topic of the speech, we can show them the preview of the body of the speech. You can use some preview statement such as definition and background which can be understood by the audience. Astute (2011) also points out several strategies in introduction part of the speech : 1.Punch (1998) states that qualitative research is empirical research where the data are not in the form of number. Robinson (2010) states that description method, as opposed to an experimental or normative method, develops knowledge by describing observed situation, events, and object. In this report, the writer will use this method to describe the introduction and conclusion strategy that is used by Obama in his speech. 3. Method of collecting data The writer will use document analysis as method of collecting data.The writer will analyze the speech transcript of Obama, classifying the introduction and conclusion part in every speech, and finding the introduction and conclusion strategy that is used by Obama. 4. Method of data analysis In analyzing the data, the writer used following steps: 1. Collecting Barack Beams speech transcripts 2. Reading the Barack Beams speech transcripts 3. Classifying the introduction and conclusion part in Beams speeches. 4. Deciding the introduction and conclusion strategy used by Obama. 5. Counting the total of each strategy used by Obama.

Top Competitive Internships to Apply For

Many college programs require that students have internships — and for good reason. The benefits of these opportunities are numerous and include learning more about a field, gaining hands-on, practical experience, and making sure your educational and career paths are truly what you want. Prestige is another advantage with some internships. They are competitive, with only the best of the best landing spots. Quite a few employers stand up and take notice of anyone who has done one of the following internships. 1. White House Location: Washington, D.C. Paid/Unpaid: Unpaid Application deadline: Exact dates vary; expect a January date for the summer term, an April deadline for the fall semester and a September date for the spring semester. Specific internship application requirements vary with each presidential administration. However, you should expect to submit a resume, cover letter or essay, and letters of recommendation, among other materials. To see if applications are open, click here. 2. AppleLocation: Santa Clara Valley, California; Austin, Texas Paid/Unpaid: Paid Application deadline: Deadlines change based on the position. The best practice is to submit your application materials as soon as an internship is posted. Interns are well compensated and may be paid almost $7,000 a month (not considering overtime), according to some reports. To boost your chances of landing an internship here, you should already have some internship experience. In fact, many internships are available for bachelor’s, master’s and doctorate students. To review internship postings, click here. 3. Boston Consulting GroupLocation: Boston, Chicago, D.C. and select other U.S. cities. International opportunities are available, too. Paid/Unpaid: Paid Application deadline: Expect to submit your application by January for a summer internship. BCG consults with businesses to solve their problems. The internships require good effort on your part; two rounds of interviews with several interviewers each round are the norm. Prepare for case-style conversations, as well as data-driven questions. BCG encourages students from all types of fields to apply. Interested? Click hereto begin your application. 4. MoMaLocation: New York City Paid/Unpaid: Paid Application deadline: Varies depending on term chosen; MoMa offers fall, spring and summer internships, as well as 12-month opportunities. (Previous seasonal interns may apply for a 12-month internship.) MoMa, or the Museum of Modern Art, is perhaps the most well-known museum in New York City. Its internships are highly selective, with only about 10 interns hired for the 12-month terms, and 25 to 30 for the seasonal intervals. Students must have completed at least two years of college by the time their internship begins; no internships in the finance and general counsel departments are available. Administrative work is part of all internships, with other duties depending on specific needs. Want to try for an internship at MoMa? Start here. 5. DisneyLocation: All over the world (internships include positions at The Walt Disney Studios, Disney Parks, The Walt Disney Company, Marvel and others). Paid/Unpaid: Paid Application deadline: Positions are posted throughout the year, so deadlines vary. Students in any discipline qualify for Disney internships. For example, 2017-2018 internship titles include buying intern, marketing intern, IT intern, finance intern, research intern and animation intern. Perks include events exclusive to interns, as well as various Disney discounts. Relocation and housing assistance are available in some cases. Check out the list of open internships here. There is no time like now to consider your career possibilities, and of course, the internships listed here are just the tip of the iceberg. Many competitive internships are out there; consider factors such as whether they are paid, where they are and how well they align with your interests and with your career goals.

Muslim Women Essay Example

Muslim Women Essay Example Muslim Women Essay Muslim Women Essay The Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (CEDAW) is a human right treaty for women. The basic structure of the organization is based upon three principles: equality, non-discrimination and state obligation. This organization has set some rules to eliminate discrimination against women. This organization set some specific rules which the state has to agree with and implement it on their state. POLITICAL REPRESENTATION Fatwas have been issued in some of the Islamic countries barring Muslim Women from participating in elections on the grounds that it will bring them into contact with men. Such Fatwas hardly had any impact on women and the Muslim voters; who promptly ignored them. A fatwa banning Muslim women’s participation in elections (as contestants) has also been issued with the rider that if they still participate in elections, they may do so wearing the veil. MARRIAGE RIGHTS The Muslim civil code has provided the Muslim man with a right to polygamy, though the prophet mentioned the subject only once. Moreover, a Muslim woman cannot marry a non-Muslim whereas a man can. Contrary to the general notion of equality, a husband is also granted a partial unilateral right of divorce. He can dissolve his marriage by uttering the word talaq thrice even without stating the reasons and in the absence of his wife who merely needs to be informed. On the other hand, a woman can divorce her husband only if: * An agreement is made before or after the marriage by which she is at liberty to divorce herself from her husband under certain specified conditions which are not opposed to the policies of Islamic Law. Unawareness about his whereabouts for 4 years. * failure to get maintenance for 2 years, * impotency, insanity of the husband, or if he is suffering from some venereal disease, * cruelty and option of puberty i. e. if she was married before the age of 15. RIGHTS OF A MUSLIM WIDOW ON HER HUSBAND’S PROPERTY * The widow has to give full account of all the income and profits of the estate. * She cannot sell or gift her property to anyone. * She can file a suit for the recovery of the mahr –debt. She can satisfy her mahr debt out of the rents and profits of the property. RAPE LAW According to the sunnah, a woman should not be punished for having been coerced into having sex. This attitude towards rape is discussed in the following hadith: During the time of Muhammad punishment was inflicted on the rapist on the solitary evidence of the woman who was raped by him. Wail ibn Hujr reports of an incident when a woman was raped. Later, when some people came by, she identified and accused the man of raping her. They seized him and brought him to Allahs messenger, who said to the woman, Go away, for Allah has forgiven you, but of the man who had raped her, he said, Stone him to death. (Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud). According to a  Sunni  hadith, the punishment for committing rape is death, there is no blame attached to the victim. According to  Al-Mawardi, an 11th century specialist in Islamic jurisprudence (sharia), if either the victim or a witness kills the perpetrator of rape during the crime, in order to prevent furthering the violence of the act, the killing is permissible and is exempt from the laws of murder and killing. However right now it is far from uncommon for a woman who raises claims of rape to be not only denied justice, but to be charged as a criminal herself for committing fornication or adultery. DRESS CODE Hijab  is the Quranic requirement that Muslims, both male and female, dress and behave modestly. The most important Quranic verse relating to  hijab  is  sura  , which says, And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and guard their private parts and not to display their adornment except that which ordinarily appears thereof and to draw their headcovers over their chests and not to display their adornment except to their [maharim] There are regional and sectarian variations of the veil associated with  hijab. Depending upon local views regarding female modesty, they may or may not cover the face or the eyes, or the entire body. These variations include: * Hijab  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ A scarf covering the hair. * Chador  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ A cloak covering the head and body, but leaving the face uncovered; worn by many women in Iran when outside the home. * Shayla  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ A long rectangular scarf, pinned or tucked at the shoulder, leaving the face uncovered; worn by many women in the Persian Gulf region. Khimar  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ A long rectangular scarf, covering the head, neck and shoulders, but leaving the face uncovered. * Burka  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Covers the entire head and body, including the eyes; the wearer sees through a cloth mesh eye veil sewn into the burka. * Al-Amira  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ A two-piece veil that includes a close-fitting cap and a tube-shaped scarf covering the head and neck, but leaving the face uncovered. * Niqab  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ A veil that leaves the eye clear (although it may be worn with an eye veil), and worn with a headscarf. The  hijab, and the veil in particular, have often been viewed by many as a sign of oppression of Muslim women. The wearing of the  hijab  has become controversial in countries where Muslims are a minority, and where majority secular opinions regard the  hijab  as violating womens freedom, especially in Europe amid increasing immigration of Muslims In some countries where Muslims are a minority, there is much less public opposition to the practise, although concerns about it are discussed. Canadian media, for example, have covered controversies where concerns have been raised over the veil being a possible security risk, as in cases where Muslim women have refused to remove their  niqab  or  burkaveil for voter identification at polls. Case study: India SCHEMES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MUSLIM WOMEN IN INDIA * Multi-Sectoral Development Project (MSDP) to rehabilitate Muslim women who are destitute or have been abandoned by their husbands. WEST BENGAL * Leadership development of minority women scheme. KSWWF(karnatka state wakf foundation for women development)-In the scheme Medical relief is provided to Muslim Minorities woman and girls for medical treatment. * Health Relief to Muslim Minorities Women and Girls- karnatka * Training of Muslim Women in Stitching, Embroidery and Knitting * Providing Computer Training to Minorities Muslim Women * Stipend to Muslim Minorities Girls learning Urdu DTP Course * Starting Pre-Primary School for Muslim Children by NGOs EMPLOYMENT OF MUSLIM WOMEN IN INDIA The constitution of India confers equal citizenship rights on all Indians and provides safeguards for minorities. Constitutional safeguards are meant to ensure the full and active participation of all communities including Muslims in the country’s public life. Article 14 of the Constitution grants equality to all citizens without discrimination on grounds of caste, language or religion.. Muslim women have the lowest work participation rate (WPR) among all three categories of work, with a large gap between the WPRs for Muslim women, Hindu or Christian women. Sixty percent of Muslim women are self-employed – the highest percentage among all three religious categories i. e. Hindus, Christians and Muslims. The living conditions are linked with to the employment patterns and working conditions and the worker population rates for Muslim women are lower than for women in other socio-religious category (SRC). Most of the Muslim women are self employed; they prefer to work at home. As compared to other SRCs, Muslims are concentrated more in self-employed activities and their participation in regular jobs, especially in non-agriculture is much less than for others. A significantly higher share of Muslim workers in self-employment can be seen in urban areas as compared to rural are areas and for women who prefer home-based activities. The share of Muslims in regular work, especially in the government, public sector and large private sector is very low. LIVING CONDITIONS OF INDIAN MUSLIM WOMEN Muslim women are suffering from both internal and external oppression. Muslim men practice what they themselves believe is Islamic and oppress their women and refuse to entertain any thought of change. Many educated Muslim women thus start believing there can be no liberation within Islam and seek their freedom through secular laws. Ultimately, the source of their oppression is sought to be located in Islam itself, which is projected as an allegedly patriarchal religion, supposedly hostile to women’s rights and gender-justice. Wearing of Hijab and Burqa is still in practice in India. So, to conclude, Muslim legal traditions in India, for women have developed to an extent, but the society still remains orthodox and conservative. Muslims are still in minority. Various welfare schemes for the development of Muslim Women have been introduced and the country. . Case study: gulf countries In Gulf countries, following is the prevalent tradition: Education Progress on bridging the gender gap in social indicators has been impressive in Gulf Countries, mainly because of heavy public sector investments in education and health sectors, from which women have benefited significantly. Gulf countries has made substantial gains in the education of women. Statistics show that girls are equal to boys in tertiary, secondary and primary level of education in Gulf countries and 60% of all university students in the six states of the Gulf are women. Employment Women in the Gulf countries had been influenced by societys traditions. Their economic participation and their status position are become low and weak in comparisons with their life at the begging of Islam. Nevertheless, Gulf women have played a role in for as long as these societies have existed, through their effective role in the family and in their tribes, and supplementing the family income with a little local trading or through weaving and handicrafts and agricultural work and in some cases fighting beside their men. Nowadays, women in the Gulf are at the forefront of the economic life of their societies, in the labor force, in politics, in civil organizations, and, in that most crucial area of life, in economics. Gulf countries remain a patriarchal society. Saudi Arabia forbids Muslim women even to drive. , Women earlier weren’t allowed to go to mosques because of fears of unchastity caused by interaction between sexes; this condition persisted until the late 1960s. Since then, women have become increasingly involved in the mosque, though men and women generally worship separately. Dress code and covering the full body, specially for the young women is still very strictly to be followed in some of the Gulf countries. The primary aim of women is not to earn money, but to look after her family, therefore, employment is still less in the gulf countries, even after gradual increase over decades. 1 . http://webspace. webring. com/people/gh/husociology1/1/muslimwomen2008. pdf [ 2 ]. pucl. org/from-archives/Gender/muslim-women. htm [ 3 ]. indianexpress. om/news/west-bengal-plans-scheme-to-aid-muslim-women/979145 [ 4 ]. http://articles. timesofindia. indiatimes. com/2013-01-06/lucknow/36173792_1_minority-women-muslim-women-sachar-committee [ 5 ]. http://kswwf. com/schemes-for-muslim-women. html [ 6 ]. unhcr. org/refworld/pdfid/469cbfcc0. pdf [ 7 ]. iimahd. ernet. in/assets/snippets/workingpaperpdf/12051717332012-09-03. pdf , pg-20 [ 8 ]. csss-isla. com [ 9 ]. ummid. com/news/2010/January/03. 01. 2010/socio_cultural_impediments_to_muslim_women. htm

Introduction to Global Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Introduction to Global Business - Assignment Example To manage the plant the CEO of the company feels that someone from top management from the headquarters Boston who needs to manage the integration of the site. Therefore the proposal is as follows First and foremost it is important to understand the culture of Malaysia so that the manger that comes from Boston can easily adapt to the culture and act accordingly. Malaysia is multi-cultural society making it easier for the manger to adapt the culture. In addition the proposed staffing model to be used in the new plant based outside Kula Lumpur is ethnocentric staffing model. The CEO plans to send from its home country for the global operation which is emphasized by the particular staffing model also. With the implementation of this staffing model, the CEO would need to focus or monitor less and the candidates are often known at the headquarters of the company (Steers & Nardon, p. 277). The training and recruitment will be conducted in headquarters. Candidates will comprise mainly from Boston and few from Malaysia and the organization would seek candidates having an extrovert nature, flexible and able to adjust in every situation and having good knowledge about different culture. But since the employees have no idea about the culture of Malaysian people and this might prove it to be difficult to adapt to the situation. Hence proper training is essential for effectiveness of the working of the plant in Kula Lumpur both for the top level management and also for the chosen employees. Assuming that the person selected is well adverse with technicality and the only thing required is training on adoption of new location. Cross culture training are required for the managers so that they adapt to the culture of the particular country. An expert from Malaysia can be hired by the company to provide the manger with cross cultural training so that the expatriates experience fewer incidence of failure. Problem 2 Transferability of Practices: The Mazda Example Third Culture The modified version of management practice is termed as â€Å"third culture†. Usually companies tend to face difficulties in setting of plant internationally mainly in transferring management practice to different culture and this was seen in Mazda situation. The American decided to work on for the Japanese and thus adopted a mix of both American and Japanese styles referred to as third culture. The case itself explains that the concept of â€Å"third culture† did work but at the same time it had to face many difficulties in the management practice. As stated in the case study the Japanese worked for United Auto makers and named it Mazda management. It used extensive testing methods to select their workers and adopted the system similar to that of Michigan plant. As per the study of Fucinis, there were several areas in the transfer of management style. The employees quit the plant as they did not see any future prospect. The Japanese had all the powers and were dictating the decisions. However after much issue the problem was solved and the Japanese’s adopted a flexible management practice. Therefore it can be said that transfer of management practice should be adopted but both the nations entering the â€Å"third culture† should have an equal participation and power to make the concept work in a managerial practice. Across Societies Transfer of managem